Add custom CMS blocks

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v6.4.0 (stable)
This functionality is available starting with Shopware 6.4.4.0.
Didn't get in touch with Shopware's Shopping Experiences (CMS) yet? Check out the concept behind it first:
Shopping Experiences (CMS)
If you're not yet familiar with custom CMS blocks you might want to head over to the section on adding CMS blocks via plugin to get some basic understanding:
Add CMS block
Prerequisites
This guide is based on our App Base Guide and assumes you have already set up an app.
Overview
Adding custom CMS blocks from an app works a bit differently than adding them from a plugin. Custom CMS blocks are added by providing a cms.xml in the Resources/ directory of your app. The basic directory structure looks as follows:
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├── Resources
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│   ├── app
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│   │   └── storefront
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│   │       └── src
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│   │           └── scss
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│   │               └── base.scss
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│   ├── cms
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│   │   └── blocks
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│   │       └── swag-image-text-reversed
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│   │           ├── preview.html
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│   │           └── styles.css
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│   ├── views
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│   │   └── storefront
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│   │       └── block
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│   │           └── cms-block-swag-image-text-reversed-component.html.twig
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│   └── cms.xml
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└── manifest.xml
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Each CMS block defined within your cms.xml must have a directory matching the block's name in Resources/cms/blocks/. In those directories you shape your blocks for the CMS module in the Administration by supplying a preview.html containing the template used for displaying a preview. Styling the preview in the sidebar and the component in the CMS editor is possible from the styles.css.
Due to technical limitations it's not possible to use templating engines (like Twig) or preprocessors (like Sass) for rendering and styling the preview.
The Storefront representations of your blocks reside in Resources/views/storefront/block/.
Defining blocks
As already mentioned above and similar to an app's manifest.xml, CMS blocks also require some definition done in the cms.xml. In this example we will define a custom CMS block that will extend the default block image-text and reverse its elements:
<app root>/Resources/cms.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
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<cms xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/shopware/platform/trunk/src/Core/Framework/App/Cms/Schema/cms-1.0.xsd">
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    <blocks>
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        <block>
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            <!-- A unique technical name for your block. We recommend to use a shorthand prefix for your company, e.g. "Swag" for shopware AG. -->
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            <name>swag-image-text-reversed</name>
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​
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            <!-- The category your block is associated with. See the XSD for available categories. -->
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            <category>text-image</category>
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​
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            <!-- Your block's label which will be shown in the CMS module in the Administration. -->
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            <label>Two columns, text &amp; boxed image</label>
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            <label lang="de-DE">Zwei Spalten, Text &amp; gerahmtes Bild</label>
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​
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            <!-- The slots that your block holds which again hold CMS elements. -->
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            <slots>
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                <!-- A slot requires a unique name and a type which refers to the CMS element it shows. Right now you can only use the CMS elements provided by Shopware but at a later point you will be able to add custom elements too. -->
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                <slot name="left" type="text">
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                    <!-- The slot requires some basic configuration. The following config-value elements highly depend on which element the slot holds. -->
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                    <config>
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                        <!-- The following config-value will be interpreted as 'verticalAlign: { source: "static", value: "top"}' in the JavaScript. -->
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                        <config-value name="vertical-align" source="static" value="top"/>
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                    </config>
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                </slot>
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​
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                <slot name="right" type="image">
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                    <config>
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                        <config-value name="display-mode" source="static" value="auto"/>
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                        <config-value name="vertical-align" source="static" value="top"/>
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                    </config>
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                </slot>
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            </slots>
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​
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            <!-- Each block comes with a default configuration which is pre-filled and customizable when adding a block to a section in the CMS module in the Administration. -->
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            <default-config>
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                <margin-top>20px</margin-top>
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                <margin-right>20px</margin-right>
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                <margin-bottom>20px</margin-bottom>
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                <margin-left>20px</margin-left>
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                <!-- The sizing mode of your block. Allowed values are "boxed" or "full_width". -->
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                <sizing-mode>boxed</sizing-mode>
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            </default-config>
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        </block>
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    </blocks>
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</cms>
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Let's have a look at how to configure a CMS block from your app's cms.xml:
<name> : A unique technical name for your block.
<category> : Blocks are divided into categories. Available categories can be found in the plugin guide.
<label> : The translatable label will be shown in the Administration.
<default-config> : Some default configuration for the block.
<slots> : Each block holds slots that configure which element they show.
The full CMS reference is available here:
CMS Reference
Block preview
The preview template for swag-image-text-reversed looks like this:
<app root>/Resources/cms/blocks/swag-image-text-reversed/preview.html
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<div class="sw-cms-preview-swag-image-text-reversed">
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    <div>
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        <h2>Lorem ipsum dolor</h2>
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        <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr.</p>
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    </div>
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​
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    <!-- Alternatively you might e.g. also use a base64 encoded preview image instead of an external resource. -->
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    <img src="https://example.com/preview.jpg" alt="Preview image">
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</div>
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For security reasons you can only use pure HTML in the preview template. The template will be sanitized from possibly malicious tags like <script> or attributes like :src="'/administration/static/img/cms/preview_mountain_small.jpg' | asset".
The styling of the preview looks as follows:
<app root>/Resources/cms/blocks/swag-image-text-reversed/styles.css
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/* 
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 * Styling of your block preview in the CMS sidebar
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 */
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.sw-cms-preview-swag-image-text-reversed {
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    display: grid;
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    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
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    grid-column-gap: 20px;
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    padding: 15px;
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}
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​
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/*
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 * Styling of your block in the CMS editor
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 * Pattern: sw-cms-block-${block.name}-component
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 */
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.sw-cms-block-swag-image-text-reversed-component {
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    display: grid;
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    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(195px, 1fr));
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    grid-gap: 40px;
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}
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​
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/*
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 * Each slot will have an additional class
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 * Pattern: sw-cms-slot-${slot.name}
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 */
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.sw-cms-block-swag-image-text-reversed-component .sw-cms-slot-left {
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}
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​
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/*
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 * Each slot will have an additional class
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 * Pattern: sw-cms-slot-${slot.name}
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 */
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.sw-cms-block-swag-image-text-reversed-component .sw-cms-slot-right {
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​
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}
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The DOM structure of the block in the CMS editor will look like this:
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<div class="sw-cms-block-swag-image-text-reversed-component">
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    <div class="sw-cms-slot sw-cms-slot-left"></div>
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    <div class="sw-cms-slot sw-cms-slot-right"></div>
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</div>
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Defining slots
Each slot has a unique name and a type that refers to which element it shows. All available elements can be found in src/Administration/Resources/app/administration/src/module/sw-cms/elements. At a later point you will also be able to define custom elements but for now you can use the elements shipped by Shopware.
The config of a slot is very dynamic as it highly depends on which type you have chosen. A good starting point to find out which elements require which configuration is each element's index.js in the corresponding directory in src/Administration/Resources/app/administration/src/module/sw-cms/blocks.
Registering blocks
Unlike adding blocks from a plugin, blocks provided from an app will be automatically registered during runtime - so all you need to take care of is to properly define and configure them.
Storefront representation
Providing the Storefront representation of your blocks works very similarly as in the plugin example. In Resources/views/storefront/block/ a Twig template matching the pattern cms-block-${block.name}-component.html.twig is expected.
So in this example, it's sufficient to simply extend the existing image-text element:
<app root>/Resources/views/storefront/block/cms-block-swag-image-text-reversed-component.html.twig
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​
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<div data-gb-custom-block data-tag="sw_extends" data-0='@Storefront/storefront/block/cms-block-image-text.html.twig'>
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Styling of your blocks in the Storefront can then be done in Resources/app/storefront/src/scss/base.scss.
Further reading
CMS Reference
https://github.com/shopware/docs/blob/master/guides/plugins/guides/plugins/plugins/content/cms/add-cms-block.md
CMS
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Storefront representation